Arginine

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L-arginine was first isolated in 1886, reportedly from the lupine plant. Lupinus is a genus in the legume (Fabaceae) plant family.
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Arginine is a semiessential amino acidAn organic compound that is the basic building block of all proteins.; although the body normally makes enough of it, extra amounts are sometimes needed. Arginine is found in foods containing protein.
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These uses have been tested in humans or animals. Safety and effectiveness have not always been proven. Some of these conditions are potentially serious, and should be evaluated by a qualified healthcare provider. |
Grade* |
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Growth hormoneA substance produced by a gland in one part of the body and carried by the blood to the organs or tissues where it has an effect. reserve test / pituitary disorder diagnosisThe process of determining which condition a patient may have. |
A |
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Inborn errors of urea synthesis |
A |
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Heart disease |
B |
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Heart failure |
B |
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Peripheral vascular disease / claudication |
B |
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Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) |
C |
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Altitude sickness |
C |
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Anal fissures |
C |
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Anxiety |
C |
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Autonomic failure |
C |
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Birth outcomes |
C |
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Blood flow enhancement |
C |
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Breast cancerAbnormal, uncontrolled cell division resulting in a malignant tumour that may invade surrounding tissues or spread to distant parts of the body. |
C |
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Burns |
C |
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Cachexia (weight loss and muscleTissue made up of cells that can contract to bring about movement.-wasting disease) |
C |
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Chemotherapy adjuvant |
C |
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Chest pain (noncardiac) |
C |
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Circulation |
C |
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Cognitive function |
C |
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Critical illness |
C |
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Cyclosporine toxicity |
C |
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Dental conditions |
C |
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Diabetes (type 2) |
C |
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Diabetic complications |
C |
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Erectile dysfunction |
C |
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Exercise performance |
C |
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Gastrointestinal cancerAbnormal, uncontrolled cell division resulting in a malignant tumour that may invade surrounding tissues or spread to distant parts of the body. surgery |
C |
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Heart protection during coronaryRelating to the arteries supplying the heart itself. arteryA blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. Apart from the pulmonary artery and umbilical artery, all arteries carry oxygenated blood. bypass grafting (CABG) |
C |
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High bloodA fluid that transports oxygen and other substances through the body, made up of blood cells suspended in a liquid. pressure |
C |
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High cholesterolA substance present in many tissues and an important constituent of cell membranes although high concentrations of a certain type of cholesterol in the blood are unhealthy. |
C |
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Immunomodulation |
C |
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Infertility |
C |
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Intrauterine growth retardation |
C |
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MELAS syndrome |
C |
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Metabolic disorders (creatineA product of the breakdown of protein in muscle. deficiency syndromes) |
C |
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Polycystic ovarian syndrome |
C |
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Pre-eclampsia (high blood pressure in pregnancy) |
C |
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Pressure ulcers |
C |
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Prevention of restenosis after coronaryRelating to the arteries supplying the heart itself. angioplastyThe mechanical widening or clearing of a narrowed or obstructed blood vessel, performed during angiography, which is used to help with visibility. (PTCA) |
C |
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Raynaud's phenomenon |
C |
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Recovery after surgery |
C |
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Respiratory infections |
C |
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Scleroderma |
C |
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Sickle cellThe basic unit of all living organisms. anemia |
C |
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Transplants |
C |
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Uterine disorders |
C |
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Asthma |
D |
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Interstitial cystitis |
D |
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Kidney disease or failure |
D |
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Kidney protection during angiographyX-ray imaging of the blood vessels following the injection of a dye to improve visibility. |
D |
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Wound healing |
D |
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Myocardial infarction (heart attackThe death of a section of heart muscle caused by an interruption in its blood supply. Also called a myocardial infarction.) |
F |
*Key to grades:
A: Strong scientific evidence for this use;
B: Good scientific evidence for this use;
C: Unclear scientific evidence for this use;
D: Fair scientific evidence against this use (it may not work);
F: Strong scientific evidence against this use (it likely does not work).
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Use caution in patients with bleeding disorders or those taking drugs that may increase the risk of bleeding. Use caution in patients with diabetes or hypoglycemia or those taking agents that affect bloodA fluid that transports oxygen and other substances through the body, made up of blood cells suspended in a liquid. sugar. Use caution in patients with impaired kidney function, those at risk for high bloodA fluid that transports oxygen and other substances through the body, made up of blood cells suspended in a liquid. potassium An element that is one of the main ions, or charged atoms, of intracellular fluid, and is also important in nerve and muscle function.(including those with diabetes), or those using drugs that elevate potassium levels (including potassium-sparing diuretics and potassium supplements).
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Use caution with phosphodiesterase inhibitors (such as sildenafil [ViagraÆ]), in postmenopausal patients, in patients with herpes virusA microbe that is only able to multiply within living cells., and in individuals at risk for headaches. Use caution in patients with immunologicalRelating to the structure and function of the immune system, the organs in the body that are specialised to fight infection. disorders, acrocyanosis, sickle cellThe basic unit of all living organisms. anemia, hyperchloremic acidosis, or guanidinoacetate methyltransferase (GAMT) deficiency.
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Avoid in those with low blood pressure or those using bloodA fluid that transports oxygen and other substances through the body, made up of blood cells suspended in a liquid.-pressure lowering agents, in patients with asthma or breast cancerAbnormal, uncontrolled cell division resulting in a malignant tumour that may invade surrounding tissues or spread to distant parts of the body., in those at risk for or with a history of heart attackThe death of a section of heart muscle caused by an interruption in its blood supply. Also called a myocardial infarction., or in those using nitrates or spironolactone.
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Avoid in pregnant or breastfeeding women.
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Avoid with known allergy or sensitivity to arginine.
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Aggravation of airway inflammationThe body’s response to injury., allergic response, anaphylaxis, bloating, blood pressure lowering, changed bloodA fluid that transports oxygen and other substances through the body, made up of blood cells suspended in a liquid. sugar levels, diarrhea, endocrine changes, fatal cardiac arrhythmiaAn abnormal heart rhythm., flushing, gastrointestinal discomfort, headache, high white bloodA fluid that transports oxygen and other substances through the body, made up of blood cells suspended in a liquid. cellThe basic unit of all living organisms. count, hives, high potassium levels, hyperchloremic acidosis, increased bloodA fluid that transports oxygen and other substances through the body, made up of blood cells suspended in a liquid. urea nitrogen, increased inflammatory airway response, increased inflammatory response in asthmatic and cystic fibrosisA hereditary disease associated with the obstruction of various glands and organs, including the intestinal glands, the pancreas and the airways (bronchi). subjects, increased risk of bleeding, increased risk of Herpes simplex (cold sores) or worsened symptoms, increased risk of mortality in heart patients, increased serum creatineA product of the breakdown of protein in muscle. and serum creatinineA product of the breakdown of creatine in muscle (creatine itself is fromed from the breakdown of protein)., itching, lack of energy or strength, leg restlessness, lower back pain, mild allergic skin reaction to intravenous L-arginine, nausea, night sweats, numbness, pediatric overdose of arginine hydrochloride injection (R-Gene 10Æ) (may result in hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, cerebral edema, or possibly death), pre-eclampsiaA condition of pregnancy associated with high blood pressure and protein in the urine (proteinuria). and death, premature delivery, rash, reduction in hematocrit, severe tissue necrosis with extravasation, shortness of breath, sickle cellThe basic unit of all living organisms. anemia, stimulation of systemic acidosis, venous irritation, vertigo or increased blood pressure in heart transplant patients, and worsening of symptoms of acrocyanosis.
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ACE (angiotensin-converting enzymeA protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body without being used up itself.) inhibitors, agents that affect bloodA fluid that transports oxygen and other substances through the body, made up of blood cells suspended in a liquid. pressure, agents affect bloodA fluid that transports oxygen and other substances through the body, made up of blood cells suspended in a liquid. sugar levels, agents that increase potassium levels (including angiotensin II receptor antagonists and heparinA substance produced by the body, or given as medication, that reduces the likelihood of the blood to clot, coagulate.), agents that increase the risk of bleeding, agents used to treat bloodA fluid that transports oxygen and other substances through the body, made up of blood cells suspended in a liquid. disorders, aminophylline, antacids, antibioticsMedication to treat infections caused by microbes (organisms that can't be seen with the naked eye), such as bacteria., anticancer agents, anti-inflammatories, antimalarials, antiobesity agents, antioxidants, antiseizure agents, aspirin, athletic performance enhancers, branched-chain amino acidsOrganic compounds that are the basic building blocks of all proteins., cardiac glycosides, cholesterolA substance present in many tissues and an important constituent of cell membranes although high concentrations of a certain type of cholesterol in the blood are unhealthy.- and triglycerideA type of fat in the bloodstream, formed from the digestion of fat in the diet.-lowering agents, citrulline, conjugated linoleic acid, contraceptives, cream, creatineA product of the breakdown of protein in muscle., cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, dietary cholesterolA substance present in many tissues and an important constituent of cell membranes although high concentrations of a certain type of cholesterol in the blood are unhealthy., diuretics, estrogens, ginkgo, glucagonA hormone produced by the pancreas that broadly opposes the actions of insulin and so increases the blood sugar (glucose) level., green tea extract, growth hormones, H2 blockers, immunosuppressants, ironAn element present in haemoglobin in the red cells. , ironAn element present in haemoglobin in the red cells. salts, isoproterenol, L-citrulline, lysine, magnesium, N-acetyl cysteine, nicotineAn addictive substance found in tobacco and nicotine replacement therapies., nitrates, nitroderivatives, omega-3 fatty acids, ornithine, phenylephrine, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, pine bark extract, piplartine, potassium salts, propofol, proton pump inhibitors, PycnogenolÆ, salt, sertraline, sodium, spironolactone, vitamin C, vitamin E, vulnerary agents, watermelon, xylitol, yohimbine, and other herbs and supplements with similar effects.
Adults (18 years and older):
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Arginine has been taken by mouth, injected intravenously, and applied to the skin.
Children (younger than 18 years):
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Not enough scientific data available.
Licensed by Natural Standard.
Copyright © 2012 Natural Standard (www.naturalstandard.com) Commercial distribution prohibited. This flashcard is intended for informational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Patients should consult with a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about therapies and/or health conditions.
While some complementary and alternative techniques have been studied scientifically, high-quality data regarding safety, effectiveness, and mechanism of action are limited or controversial for most therapies. Whenever possible, it is recommended that practitioners be licensed by a recognized professional organization that adheres to clearly published standards. In addition, before starting a new technique or engaging a practitioner, it is recommended that patients speak with their primary healthcare provider(s). Potential benefits, risks (including financial costs), and alternatives should be carefully considered. The above monograph is designed to provide historical background and an overview of clinically-oriented research, and neither advocates for or against the use of a particular therapy.
